Geopolítica pandémica: discutiendo globalización, fronteras y seguridad en tiempos de Covid-19

Resumen

La pandemia de coronavirus ha tenido un gran impacto en el contexto político, social y económico de países de todo el mundo. Como es sabido, la estrategia adoptada por los gobiernos nacionales de muchos de los países para frenar la propagación del COVID-19 consistió en gran medida en imponer severas restricciones a la movilidad tanto internacional como intranacional. En este artículo se analizan a) las implicaciones espaciales de este resurgimiento de las fronteras en el contexto del prolongado discurso mundial sobre la globalización, y b) el uso de una metáfora bélica para enmarcar (y dar sentido) a la situación actual. Como proceso desigual y asimétrico, la globalización ha afectado a la forma de concebir, construir discursivamente y gestionar las fronteras. En las dos últimas décadas se ha producido un cambio tecnológico en la forma de controlar las fronteras —y la movilidad transfronteriza— y se ha hecho mucho hincapié en el discurso de la segurización de las fronteras como baluartes contra los efectos negativos de la globalización, como el terrorismo internacional, la inmigración ilegal y las enfermedades infecciosas. En la actual pandemia, se argumenta, esto ha llevado a una proliferación de fronteras y prácticas fronterizas a diferentes escalas, reforzando las fronteras preexistentes o creando otras nuevas.

Palabras clave:

COVID-19 fronteras globalización seguridad

Citas

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