A World in Transition? Debate on the Role of soft Power in the Future of global Governance

Abstract

En este paper debatimos sobre el futuro de la gobernanza global y, en general, del orden global. En particular, queremos resaltar el papel preponderante que tendrá el llamado soft power en este proceso. Para hacer esto, primero analizamos el significado de la gobernanza global y sus límites; en un segundo momento, el significado de los términos soft power y power transition, y luego valoramos los posibles impactos futuros que las llamadas «potencias emergentes», especialmente el grupo BRICS (Brasil, Rusia,
India, China y Sudáfrica), tendrán sobre estos aspectos de nuestra realidad. Si, por un lado, Occidente parece estar cada vez más en crisis, por el otro, de hecho, estos países están tratando de proponerse como modelos por seguir para el futuro. En este sentido, los BRICS invierten mucho en soft power para volverse más confiables a los ojos, especialmente, de los países que han desempeñado un papel marginal en las relaciones internacionales, como los del Sur Global. En la parte final, intentamos evaluar qué posibles consecuencias puede tener esta situación para el futuro de la gobernanza global y, en general, de las relaciones internacionales.

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