Explaining Divergent national Responses to Covid-19: A Framework for enhanced State Capacity

Resumen

En este artículo desarrollamos un marco de capacidad estatal para dar cuenta de diferentes respuestas nacionales al Covid-19. Nuestro punto de partida es la idea influyente de que el neoliberalismo tiene un papel importante que desempeñar en el fracaso del Estado para controlar la pandemia. Al implementar reformas neoliberales, los estados aparentemente se han vuelto incapaces de prevenir o mitigar el brote viral. Un enfoque en la experiencia británica da peso a esta perspectiva. Pero cuando se ve en una luz comparativa, la imagen es menos sencilla. Al comparar los casos británico y australiano, vemos una aceptación similar de las reformas neoliberales en todo el gobierno, aunque con resultados sorprendentemente divergentes. ¿Cómo podemos explicar esta diferencia
dramática? Para responder a esta pregunta, ofrecemos un marco de capacidad estatal mejorado para aclarar nuestra comprensión de las diversas respuestas nacionales al Covid-19. Nuestro objetivo más amplio es enriquecer la literatura sobre capacidad estatal existente de dos maneras. Primero, ampliamos el marco de capacidad estatal existente mediante la introducción de una nueva categoría, capacidad saludable, para encapsular la capacidad de un Estado para corregir y contrarrestar el curso de una emergencia sanitaria nacional. En segundo lugar, presentamos la idea de elección política para enfatizar la importancia de la agencia para compensar las debilidades institucionales asociadas con la reforma neoliberal.

Palabras clave:

Covid-19 Energía infraestructural neoliberalismo elección política Capacidad estatal

Citas

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