Impacts of soft Power on State Sovereignty

Resumo

El soft power se ha utilizado ampliamente como herramienta de política exterior, y los instrumentos utilizados han cambiado y se han adaptado gradualmente a lo largo del tiempo para reflejar la evolución de las prioridades de los Estados-nación y sus poblaciones,
así como la creciente interconectividad global y el uso de la tecnología. Este documento examina las repercusiones del uso del soft power en la soberanía de los Estados, concretamente en la región asiática, utilizando Tailandia e Indonesia como casos de estudio. Se examinan varios instrumentos de soft power su uso, como la “diplomacia de la máscara” durante la pandemia del COVID-19 y la difusión internacional de programas educativos patrocinados por el extranjero. Aunque el soft power es un medio eficaz para el compromiso internacional y el desarrollo de relaciones, este documento considera que un exceso de soft power invita a la influencia extranjera que puede suponer un riesgo para la soberanía del Estado en los ámbitos de la autoridad y la legitimidad de la gobernanza, reconociendo los impactos personales y políticos de la soberanía en un momento de crisis como la pandemia del COVID-19. Por ejemplo, los programas e institutos de educación han sido criticados en la literatura académica como un medio potencial para que los países promuevan agendas políticas en el extranjero y ejerzan influencia sobre las diásporas y las poblaciones locales. Los materiales que han servido de base a este documento incluyen el contenido de los medios sociales, las publicaciones oficiales del Estado y los artículos de los medios de comunicación tradicionales. El contenido de los medios sociales es un punto de análisis para este documento, ya que proporciona información en tiempo real sobre la participación local y las opiniones sobre las iniciativas de soft power, lo que indica la eficacia correspondiente de estas iniciativas.

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